S and can say that science is one of the most discussed concepts from which emanated in the socio-historical context of modernity and can say it is mainly a type of knowledge system generated from modernity in which the subject and the object is conceived separately and therefore affect the reality is conceived independently us. To this we add that it is a scientific thought which has 3 key aspects of epistemology, referring to the theory of knowledge and alludes to the possibility know the reality, the second ontology is referred to theory of reality and which is linked to what reality is, and finally the third aspect is about the logic and reference to the theory says method, ie, defines the procedures by which reality is apprehended.
respect to the reflection that arises about reality, we can separate into 3 Archaeology and visions on how to design this: Materialism, which advocates an independent reality as possible and to be known by the scientific method and hypothesis testing approach, the ideal, which states that the world exists for the subject and no way of contrast and therefore whether it is correct or not, finally, the constructivism is the idea that reality exists outside the subject but that is from different perspectives.
Another of the edges of this science as a child of modernity, is related to the contexts that are involved in scientific work and in some way or another by the emergence of different theoretical approaches have influenced them and have been highlighted by them consciously. These are the context of justification, that relates to the truth or otherwise of the hypothesis: the context of discovery refers to the setting where ideas are generated, the context of application which basically refers to the social function of science, and , finally the context of Education, which is related to the dissemination of knowledge to extra-curricular scientific fields.
previously filed with the elements we can reconstruct a sketch about how the concepts of science, knowledge, reality, data and archaeological practice are articulated without forgetting of course the stained glass theory-based supports and a means of expression earlier.
It must be said that Science seeks through its systematic and rigorous order the knowledge that human beings be gathered about the various phenomena to which they play in everyday lidear and contingencies. This knowledge is due to the assumptions that underlie the individual and that are related to the ways we see, apprehends and makes the world and reality that seems very abstract in terms of its influence on scientific practice influences precisely the methods used to apprehend and this in the data extracted. To be clearer for example materialist conception postulates independent reality of the individual and measurable through the scientific method that will raise these methods clearly point toward a focus on the tangible and concrete and therefore all it is ideology, beliefs and psychological notions will not be considered unless they had a material expression. This in archaeological practice, the researcher requires the internalized in all parameters have or might have to account for a materiality tangible point in size.
Many approaches have opted for such and such perceptions of reality, but what has had the greatest impact is the change in the concept of Science, as an absolute authority has been challenged and attacked by little from many flanks as seemingly objective nature detached from the contexts of implementation, education and too focused on the context of justification.
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